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Join hostesses and Vitamark Diamonds, Meme Groseth (MG) and RS Mallory (RS), and Vitamark Vice President, Tom Mitcham (TM), as they discuss the potential health benefits ofthe many ingredients found in CellRich:

Vitamin A (VitaFiber), Vitamin C (VitaFiber, C-Crystalsand Crave), Vitamin E (Vitamin E, VitaMen, CoQ10, Omega III,VitaWoman). All three are also found in Vita-Che, Primalux, Children's Chewable, Appetizer Diet Cookies, and in the seaweed found in Limu Plus.

Selenium (Vitamin E, Coral Calcium, VitaMen, Vita-Che,Primalux, Children's Chewable, in the seaweed found in Limu Plus), Alpha-Lipoic Acid; N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (Vita-Che), Citrus Bioflavanoids (Vita-Che and Primalux), Turmeric (NaturFlex andVitamarin),Grape Seed Extract(Vita-Greens), Polyphenol Extract (Decaf from Green Tea alsofound in Vita-Greens), Quercitin, Gamma Oryzanol, Bromelain (NaturFlex, Vitamarin and Revitalgen), Trace Minerals (Limu Plus).

All of the ingredients are found in CellRich and Vita One!

MG: Tommyare you ready?

TM: I suream Meme, and I can'tthink of anyone betterthan Vitamark Diamond Affiliate RSMalloryto give that free product. Tonight's free product is our Cellrich product the productwe're talking about tonight.The CellRich product contains antioxidants that combat both water and fat soluble pro-oxidants withits unique combination of Vits A,C andE with Selenium.* It also gives targeted support to critical body systems with antioxidants like quercitin, bioflavanoids, gamma oryzanol, alpha lipoic acid, turmeric, grapeseed extract and polyphenol extract(a decaffeinated extract of Green Tea),*

MG: I am really excited about this free product, as everyone on this call should be, especially if you are on the 100BP AutoShip because theCellRichis the Nov. free AutoShip product. This amazing product has many benefits: it is the ultimatefree radical scavenger,offers ultimate systems protection, promotes normalcell function, supports immune functionand supports vein integrity.*

TM: Now to give that free product! RS, are you ready to ask thequestions?

RS: I sure am, Tom. And, I'd like to remind everyone not to forget to call out your name before answering. Now for the first question:

Q1:
Ans:
Winner:

Q2:
Ans:
Winner:

Q3:
Ans:
Winner:

Q4:
Ans:
Winnner:

MG: Congratulations to all our winners-don't forget to call the home office to claim your freeCellRich.

MG: Tom will be sharing some information with us tonight about thet ingredientsfound in CellRich. We will not be making any claims that Vitamark products cure, treat or prevent any diseases. We are simply educating you to the amazing impact that these ingredients have on your health.

TM: Meme, you know me, I always like to start off by seeing if anyone has a testimonial to share. AndI can't think of anyone better thanRS to get people to share.

RS:Now, some of you may have shared your testimonial previously, don't hesitate to do it againbecause there are always new people on the call who have not heard it. We'll start with 2 testimonials and save the rest for the end of the call. Don't be shy, remember you get free product when you share. Now who'll be first?

TESTIMONIALS

MG: Thanks for sharing. Now for that information on the ingredients in CellRich(Vits A,C,E, Selenium, alphalipoic acid are the ones we will discuss tonightand
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine, Citrus Bioflavonoids, Turmeric, Grapeseed Extract, Green Tea Polyphenol Extract, Quercetin, Gamma Oryzanol, Bromelain and Trace MInerals in Nov.)

TM: What we're going to do tonight is set the stage forunderstanding what an antioxidant isand how it functions within CellRich. Then we'll talk about a few of the individual ingredients that are in it. We will finish with therest of the ingredients on the Nov HS call. We'll post the call after the Nov HS call. Antioxidants are vital for reversing free radicals - impure oxygen compounds which are produced by the body's metabolism, tampering with DNA, challenging the immune system and accelerating the visible signs of aging. Free radicals can result from inner city living, exposure to radiation and pollution, and consumption of alcohol or unsaturated fats. Selenium, grapeseed extract and Vitamins A, C and E all have antioxidant properties.

TM:CellRichAntioxidants contains many different synergistic antioxidant nutrients, including the basic vitamins A, C, and E, as well as potent extracts from certain plants rich in antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. These quality plant extracts are highly concentrated. Depending upon your diet and lifestyle, you may not always have adequate amounts of the broad spectrum of antioxidants for your body's antioxidant network. To ensure that you get plenty of extra support to maintain your reserves, take CellRich Antioxidants daily.

MG: CellRichAntioxidants contains many different synergistic antioxidant nutrients, including the basic vitamins A, C, and E, as well as potent extracts from certain plants rich in antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. These high quality plant extracts are greatly concentrated to provide specific nutritients our bodies need. Depending upon your diet and lifestyle, you may not always have adequate amounts of the broad spectrum of antioxidants for optimal function of your body's antioxidant network. To ensure that you are provided with plenty of extra support and to maintain your reserves, take CellRich Antioxidants daily.

TM: Nearly everyone has heard of antioxidants and the free radicals that they neutralize. Vitamins A, C, E, and other antioxidant vitamins are now household words. We tend to think of free radicals as the bad guys and antioxidants as good guys. The flame of our life, however, is oxidationthe controlled burning of fuel to produce energy. Free radicals are natural by-products of this process, and are also generated and used by our immune cells in carrying out their ordinary tasks to help maintain a healthy body.

Antioxidants represent the insulation that allows us to safely handle this fire, thus protecting our cells while the fire warms our house. Processes that increase production of free radicals are collectively referred to as oxidative stress.

Cellular protection is determined by the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant intake, along with the reserves maintained in your body.

There is a baseline level of oxidative stress simply from using oxygen to burn fuel for the production of energy, which is necessary to stay alive and be active. Many factors of modern life, however, have increased oxidative stress dramatically: smoking (both active and passive), alcohol, non-prescription and prescription drugs, environmental pollution, high altitude jet travel, and exposure to other chemicals. Cigarette smoke, for example, contains thousands of different chemicals, and a single puff of cigarette smoke contains trillions of free radicals. Cigarette smoke literally burns away antioxidant nutrients. Cigarette tars are long-lived free radical generators.

MG: Antioxidant nutrients function most effectively as a network as with A,C,E. They donate electrons to the highly reactive unstable free radicals in order to quench them, making them chemically stable again, thus terminating their chain reactions. Molecules without antioxidant properties may perpetuate these chain reactions thatattack cell membranes and DNA, as well as other cellular structures. An antioxidant, in the process of quenching a free radical by donating its electron(s), becomes oxidized itself, and must be regenerated into its reduced (the opposite of oxidized) form in order to become a functional antioxidant molecule again.

Maintaining a broad spectrum of various types of antioxidant nutrients, rather than larger amounts of just one single antioxidant, is essential to promoting your good health.

When a single antioxidant nutrient is present in larger amounts, there is a chance it will function as an oxidant, in the absence of partners to recycle it back to its antioxidant state. In this situation, the process of stabilizing a free radical is incomplete and the antioxidant becomes a free radical itself, by perpetuating, rather than terminating, the chain reaction.

Many cardiologists and researchers believe that minimizing oxidized cholesterol, in addition to other important nutritionalfactors, is essential to maintaining healthy arteries and promoting already healthy cholesterol levels.

TM: Because antioxidants function in your body as an interacting network, it makes sense to eat a well-balanced diet, rich in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables that contain many different antioxidant compounds.

You should be sure to include a wide range of antioxidants, some of which work in the water-soluble areas of the body (like vitamin C) and others that work in thefat-soluble areas of the body (like vitamins A, E).

Depending upon your diet and lifestyle, you may not always maintain adequate levels of the broad spectrum of antioxidants needed for optimum function of theinteracting antioxidant network in your body. Therefore, to guarantee that your body retains the proper antioxidant reserves, you may want to take these antioxidants on a daily basis, reinforcing your diet with nutritional supplements that contain higher levels of a wide range of antioxidants.

CellRichAntioxidants contains many different potent antioxidant nutrients and extracts from certain plants known to be particularly rich in antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids.

Included in this formula are high-quality,concentrated extracts from the following plant sources:

Turmeric (95% curcuminoids)
Grapeseed Extract(95% Proanthocyanidins)
Green Tea Polyphenol Extract(40% catechins)
CitrusBioflavanoids

Powerful antioxidant compounds that are also plant-derived such asquercetin, alpha-lipoic acid, gamma oryzanoland trace minerals are also included.

MG: Several of these compounds appear to have unique properties that make them particularly supportive and protective against oxidative stress inspecific organs, for example:alpha-lipoic acid for the brain; bioflavanoids for the eyes; and tumeric and alpha-lipoic acid for liver health,'
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is equally soluble in lipids (fats and oils) and water, and so can move easily throughout both the lipid and water compartments of the body, enter the brain easily, and is especially effective at quenching free radicals within cell membranes. It is well absorbed when taken orally and regenerates most of the other antioxidants including vitamins C and E, as well as co-enzyme Q-10. It is the most effective nutritional antioxidant in bolstering cellular and tissue levels of glutathione, which is a master physiological antioxidant that orchestrates the biological interaction of many other antioxidants.

TM: Then we have Selenium which is a trace mineral that is essential to good health but required only in small amounts [1,2]. Selenium is incorporated into proteins to make selenoproteins, which are important antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidant properties of selenoproteins help prevent cellular damage from free radicals. Free radicals are natural by-products of oxygen metabolism that may contribute to the development of chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease [2,3]. Other selenoproteins help regulate thyroid function and play a role in the immune system [4-7].

Recommendations for selenium are provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes developed by the Institute of Medicine [12]. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) is the general term for a set of reference values used for planning and assessing nutrient intake for healthy people. The RDA recommends the average daily dietary intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals in each age and gender group and is now given as %of Daily Value (DV). And the DV for selenium for adults at 100% is 70 mcg. That is how much we have in CellRich.

And Seleniumis one of the few ingredients that allows an FDA claim for cancer:

Some scientific evidence suggests that consumption of selenium may reduce the risk of certain forms of cancer. However, the FDA has determined that this evidence is limitedand not conclusive.

That's as good as you can get from the FDA.

Flavonoids are most commonly known for their antioxidant activity. However, it is now known that the health benefits they provide against cancer and heart disease are the result of other mechanisms.[2][3] Flavonoids are also commonly referred to as bioflavonoids in the media the terms are largely equivalent and interchangeable, for most flavonoids. They are also called Vitamin P.

Flavonoids are widely distributed in plants fulfilling many functions including producing yellow or red/blue pigmentation in flowers and protection from attack by microbes and insects. The widespread distribution of flavonoids, their variety and their relatively low toxicity compared to other active plant compounds (for instance alkaloids) mean that many animals, including humans, ingest significant quantities in their diet. Flavonoids have been referred to as "nature's biological response modifiers" because of strong experimental evidence of their inherent ability to modify the body's reaction to allergens, viruses, and carcinogens. They show anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory[4] , anti-microbial[5] and anti-cancer activity.

Consumers and food manufacturers have become interested in flavonoids for their medicinal properties, especially their potential role in the prevention of cancers and cardiovascular disease. The beneficial effects of fruit, vegetables, and tea or even red wine have been attributed to flavonoid compounds rather than to known nutrients and vitamins.[6]

In 2007, research conducted at the Linus Pauling Institute and published in Free Radical Biology and Medicine indicates that inside the human body, flavonoids themselves are of little or no direct antioxidant value.[7] Unlike in the controlled conditions of a test tube, flavonoids are poorly absorbed by the human body (less than 5%), and most of what is absorbed is quickly metabolized and excreted from the body.

The huge increase in antioxidant capacity of blood seen after the consumption of flavonoid-rich foods is not caused directly by the flavonoids themselves, but most likely is due to increased uric acid levels that result from expelling flavonoids from the body.[2] According to Frei, "we can now follow the activity of flavonoids in the body, and one thing that is clear is that the body sees them as foreign compounds and is trying to get rid of them. But this process of gearing up to get rid of unwanted compounds is inducing so-called Phase II enzymes that also help eliminate mutagens and carcinogens, and therefore may be of value in cancer prevention... Flavonoids could also induce mechanisms that help kill cancer cells and inhibit tumor invasion."[2]
Their research also indicated that only small amounts of flavonoids are necessary to see these medical benefits. Taking large dietary supplements provides no extra benefit.[2]

Selenium is a good ingredient to end on--next month we'll cover N_Acetyl_L_Cysteine
CITRUS BIOFLAVONOIDS
TURMERIC
GRAPESEED EXTRACT
POLYPHENOL EXTRACT
QUERCETIN
GAMMAORYZANOL
TRACE MINERALS

Ithink you will agree that CellRich is a complex antioxidant that deserves your attention,

MG: Thanks for this information tonight. I know that I have gained even more respect for the health potential of CellRich! Well it 's time to say goodnight, Tommy.

TM: Before we go, I'd like to invite RS back to see ifany of you have been inspired to share your testimonial,RS.

RS:

TESTIMONIALS

TM: Thanks for sharing. Please remember that this is the day the Lord has made, let us rejoice and be glad in it!

REFERENCES
1. Thomson CD. Assessment of requirements for selenium and adequacy of selenium status: a review. Eur J Clin Nutr 2004;58:391-402.
2. Goldhaber SB. Trace element risk assessment: essentiality vs. toxicity. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2003;38:232-42.
3. Combs GF, Jr and Gray WP. Chemopreventive agents: Selenium. Pharmacol Ther 1998; 79:179-92.
4. McKenzie RC, Rafferty TS, Beckett GJ. Selenium: an essential element for immune function. Immunol Today 1998;19:342-5.
5. Levander OA. Nutrition and newly emerging viral diseases: An overview. J Nutr 1997;127: 948S-50S. [PubMed abstract]
6. Arthur JR. The role of selenium in thyroid hormone metabolism. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1991;69:1648-52. [PubMed abstract]
7. Corvilain B, Contempre B, Longombe AO, Goyens P, Gervy-Decoster C, Lamy F, Vanderpas JB, Dumont JE. Selenium and the thyroid: How the relationship was established. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;57 (2 Suppl):244S-8S. [PubMed abstract]
8. Longnecker MP, Taylor PR, Levander OA, Howe M, Veillon C, McAdam PA, Patterson KY, Holden JM, Stampfer MJ, Morris JS, Willett WC. Selenium in diet, blood, and toenails in relation to human health in a seleniferous area. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:1288-94. [PubMed abstract]
9. Pennington JA and Schoen SA. Contributions of food groups to estimated intakes of nutritional elements: Results from the FDA total diet studies, 1982-91. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1996;66:342-9. [PubMed abstract]
10. Pennington JA and Young BE. Total diet study nutritional elements. J Am Diet Assoc 1991;91:179-83. [PubMed abstract]
11. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2003. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 16. Nutrient Data Laboratory Home Page, https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp.
12. Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2000.
13. Bialostosky K, Wright JD, Kennedy-Stephenson J, McDowell M, Johnson CL. Dietary intake of macronutrients, micronutrients and other dietary constituents: United States 1988-94. Vital Heath Stat. 11(245) ed: National Center for Health Statistics, 2002.
Zhou BF, Stamler J, Dennis B, Moag-Stahlberg A, Okuda N, Robertson C, Zhao L, Chan Q, Elliott P for the INTERMAP Research Group. Nutrient intakes of middle-aged men and women in China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States in the alte 1990s: The INTERMAP Study. J of Human Hypertension. 2003;17:623-30.

Additional Selenium references:

1. ^ "Selenium: Selenium(I) chloride compound data". WebElements.com. Retrieved on 2007-12-10.
2. ^ a b https://cals.arizona.edu/arec/pubs/rmg/1%20rangelandmanagement/2%20poisonousplants93.pdf
3. ^ https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp92-c1.pdf
4. ^ https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/selenium/830398.pdf
5. ^ Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University
6. ^ Barclay, Margaret N. I.; Allan MacPherson, James Dixon (1995). "Selenium content of a range of UK food". Journal of food composition and analysis 8: 307a318. doi:10.1006/jfca.1995.1025. 0889-1575.
7. ^ A list of selenium rich foods can be found on The Office of Dietary Supplements Selenium Fact Sheet.
8. ^ Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Selenium
9. ^ DRAFT
10. ^ Wilber CG, Toxicology of selenium 1980 Clinical Toxicology volume 17, pages 171-230,(page211).
11. ^ https://www.tc.gc.ca/canutec/erg_gmu/search/guide.asp?Guide=117&Lang=EN
12. ^ Zhang J, Wang X, Xu T (2008). "Elemental selenium at nano size (Nano-Se) as a potential chemopreventive agent with reduced risk of selenium toxicity: comparison with se-methylselenocysteine in mice". Toxicol. Sci. 101 (1): 22a31. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfm221. PMID 17728283.
13. ^ Gao X, Zhang J, Zhang L (2000). "[Acute toxicity and bioavailability of nano red elemental selenium]" (in Chinese). Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 29 (1): 57a8. PMID 12725047.
14. ^ Zhang JS, Gao XY, Zhang LD, Bao YP (2001). "Biological effects of a nano red elemental selenium". Biofactors 15 (1): 27a38. PMID 11673642.
15. ^ Zhang J, Wang H, Yan X, Zhang L (2005). "Comparison of short-term toxicity between Nano-Se and selenite in mice". Life Sci. 76 (10): 1099a109. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2004.08.015. PMID 15620574.
16. ^ Jia X, Li N, Chen J (2005). "A subchronic toxicity study of elemental Nano-Se in Sprague-Dawley rats". Life Sci. 76 (17): 1989a2003. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2004.09.026. PMID 15707881.
17. ^ Wang H, Zhang J, Yu H (2007). "Elemental selenium at nano size possesses lower toxicity without compromising the fundamental effect on selenoenzymes: comparison with selenomethionine in mice". Free Radic. Biol. Med. 42 (10): 1524a33. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.013. PMID 17448899.
18. ^ Peng D, Zhang J, Liu Q, Taylor EW (2007). "Size effect of elemental selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) at supranutritional levels on selenium accumulation and glutathione S-transferase activity". J. Inorg. Biochem. 101 (10): 1457a63. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.06.021. PMID 17664013.
19. ^ https://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~childers/3_31_05%20selenium.pdf
20. ^ Effect of micronutrient status on natural killer cell immune function in healthy free-living subjects aged >=90 y1 - Ravaglia et al. 71 (2): 590 - American Journal of Clinical...
21. ^ Plasma selenium levels and the risk of colorectal ...[Nutr Cancer. 1997] - PubMed Result
22. ^ Naturally occurring selenium compounds in cancer c...[Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997] - PubMed Result
23. ^ Is low selenium status a risk factor for lung canc...[Am J Epidemiol. 1998] - PubMed Result
24. ^ Dietary selenium repletion may reduce cancer incid...[Nutr Rev. 1997] - PubMed Result
25. ^ The genotoxicity of selenium. [Mutat Res. 1985] - PubMed Result
26. ^ Intervention studies on cancer. [Eur J Cancer Prev. 1999] - PubMed Result
27. ^ Blood serum selenium in the province of MArida, Ve...[J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis. 1990] - PubMed Result
28. ^ Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer pre...[JAMA. 1996] - PubMed Result
29. ^ Chemoprevention Database
30. ^ Prospective study of toenail selenium levels and c...[J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995] - PubMed Result
31. ^ Background and rationale behind the SU.VI.MAX Stud...[Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1998] - PubMed Result
32. ^ The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-control...[Arch Intern Med. 2004] - PubMed Result
33. ^ Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) Home Page
34. ^ Selenium and Chemotherapy - Nutrition Health
35. ^ Selenium Cancer 1 - Nutrition Health
36. ^ Nilsonne G, Sun X, NystrAm C, RundlAf A-K, Fernandes A P, BjArnstedt M, and Dobra K (2006). "Selenite induces apoptosis in sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma cells through oxidative stress" Free Radical Biol. Med. 41(6): 874-885.[1]
37. ^ Nutrients and HIV: part one - beta carotene and s...[Altern Med Rev. 1999] - PubMed Result
38. ^ Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Selenium
39. ^ https://www.hdfoster.com/index.html#Publications
40. ^ High risk of HIV-related mortality is associated w...[J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997] - PubMed Result
41. ^ Mortality risk in selenium-deficient HIV-positive ...[J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999] - PubMed Result
42. ^ Micronutrient status in relationship to mortality ...[Nutr Rev. 1998] - PubMed Result
43. ^ Villamor E, Mugusi F, Urassa W, et al (June 2008). "A Trial of the Effect of Micronutrient Supplementation on Treatment Outcome, T Cell Counts, Morbidity, and Mortality in Adults with Pulmonary Tuberculosis". J. Infect. Dis. 197 (11): 1499a1505. doi:10.1086/587846. PMID 18471061.
44. ^ Serum Selenium and Diabetes in U.S. Adults - Bleys et al. 30 (4): 829 - Diabetes Care
45. ^ Watanabe C (2002). "Modification of mercury toxicity by selenium: practical importance?" (PDF). Tohoku J Exp Med 196 (2): 71a7. doi:10.1620/tjem.196.71. PMID 12498318.
46. ^ https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp92-c5.pdf
47. ^ Selenium
48. ^ Chemistry: Periodic Table: selenium: key information
49. ^ Allotropes - Group 13, Group 14, Group 15, Group 16
50. ^ Accessed Dec. 25, 2007
51. ^ Selenium sulfide. DermNet NZ
52. ^ a b c d e Venturi S, Donati FM, Venturi A, Venturi M. 2000 . Environmental iodine deficiency: A challenge to the evolution of terrestrial life? Thyroid. 10 (8):727-9.
53. ^ a b Venturi S, Venturi M. Evolution of Dietary Antioxidant Defences. 2007. European Epi-Marker. 11, 3:1-12. https://web.tiscali.it/iodio/
54. ^ Cocchi M, Venturi S. 2000. Selenium and Iodide: ancient antioxidants of cellular membranes? 7th Internat. Symp. on Selenium in Biology and Medicine. Venice (Italy). Abs. P-88:134
55. ^ KA?pper FC, Carpenter LJ, McFiggans GB, et al. 2008. Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.13;105(19):6954-8.
56. ^ a b Gladyshev VN, Hatfield DL. 1999 . Selenocysteine-containing proteins in mammals. J Biomed Sci. 6:151-160.
57. ^ Stadtman TC. 1996 . Selenocysteine. Annu Rev Biochem. 65:83-100.
58. ^ Lobanov AV, Fomenko DE, Zhang Y, et al. 2007. Evolutionary dynamics of eukaryotic selenoproteomes: large selenoproteomes may associate with aquatic life and small with terrestrial life. Genome Biol. 8(9):R198.
59. ^ Castellano S, Novoselov SV, Kryukov GV, et al. 2004. Reconsidering the evolution of eukaryotic selenoproteins: a novel non-mammalian family with scattered phylogenetic distribution. EMBO Rep. 5 (1):71-7.
60. ^ Kryukov GV, Gladyshev VN. 2004. The prokaryotic selenoproteome. EMBO Rep. (5):538-43.
61. ^ Wilting R, Schorling S, Persson BC, Bock A. 1997. Selenoprotein synthesis in archaea: identification of an mRNA element of Methanococcus jannaschii probably directing selenocysteine insertion. J Mol Biol. 266 (4):637-41.
62. ^ Zhang Y, Fomenko DE, Gladyshev VN. 2005. The microbial selenoproteome of the Sargasso Sea. Genome Biol. 6 (4):R37.

Vitamin A, C and E References:
1.Emerit I. Free radicals and aging of the skin. EXS 1992; 62.
2.Schwartz JL. The dual roles of nutrients as antioxidants and prooxidants: their effects on tumor cell growth. J Nutr. 1996 Apr; 126(4 Suppl).
3.Quadro L, Gamble MV, Vogel S, Lima AA, et al. Retinol and retinol-binding protein: gut integrity and circulating immunoglobulins. J Infect Dis 2000 Sep; 182 Suppl 1.
4.Wiegard UW, Hartmann S, Hummler H, Safety of vitamin A: recent results. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1998;68.
5.Yeum K, et al. Beta carotene intervention trial in pre-malignant gastric lesions. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 995;14.
6.Hsing SW, Comstock GW, Abbey H, Polk F. Serologic precursors of cancer. Retinol, carotenoids, and tocopherol and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1990;82.
7.Levy J, Bosin E, Feldman B, et al. Lycopene is a more potent inhibitor of human cancer cell proliferation than either alpha or beta-carotene. Nutr Cancer 1995; 24.
8.Packer L. C and Coleman C. The Antioxidant Miracle. New York: Wiley, 1999.
9.Chambers JC, McGregor A, Jean-Marie J, et al. Demonstration of rapid onset vascular endothelial dysfunction after hyperhomocysteinemia. An Effect reversible with vitamin C therapy. Circulation 1999;99.
10.Shoskes DA, Zeitlin SI, Shahed A, Raifer J. Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: A preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology 1999 Dec; 54.
11.Hartmann SSH, et al. The potent free radical scavenger alpha-lipoic acid imnproves memory in aged mice: putative relationship to NMDA receptor deficits.Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 1993;46:799-805.
12.Ames BN. Micronutrients prevent cancer and delay aging. Toxicol Lett. 1998 Dec 28;102-102:5-18.
13.Korkina LG, et al. Antioxidant therapy in children affected by irradiation from the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Biochemical Society Transactions. 1993; 21:314S

Selenium References
1. ^ Flavonoids (isoflavonoids and neoflavonoids)., IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology
2. ^ a b c d "Studies force new view on biology of flavonoids", by David Stauth, EurekAlert!. Adapted from a news release issued by Oregon State University. URL accessed .
3. ^ a b c Ververidis Filippos; Trantas Emmanouil, Douglas Carl, Vollmer Guenter, Kretzschmar Georg, Panopoulos Nickolas (October 2007). "Biotechnology of flavonoids and other phenylpropanoid-derived natural products. Part I: Chemical diversity, impacts on plant biology and human health". Biotechnology Journal 2 (10).
4. ^ "Therapeutic potential of inhibition of the NF-I?B pathway in the treatment of inflammation and cancer". Yamamoto and Gaynor 107 (2): 135 -- Journal of Clinical Investigation.
5. ^ Cushnie TPT, Lamb AJ (2005). "Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids". International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 26 (5): 343-356. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.002. PMID 16323269.
6. ^ FAlicien Breton (2008). "Health benefits of oligomeric proanthocyanidins".
7. ^ Lotito SB, Frei B (2006). "Consumption of flavonoid-rich foods and increased plasma antioxidant capacity in humans: cause, consequence, or epiphenomenon?". Free Radic. Biol. Med. 41 (12): 1727a46. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.04.033. PMID 17157175.
8. ^ Schuier, Maximilian; Helmut Sies, Beate Illek, and Horst Fischer (October 2005). "Cocoa-Related Flavonoids Inhibit CFTR-Mediated Chloride Transport across T84 Human Colon Epithelia" (PDF). Journal of Nutrition 135 (10).
9. ^ J. Agric.Food Chem. (2003) 51: Lee et al.
10. ^ "Cocoa nutrient for 'lethal ills'". BBC News.
11. ^ Tsushida T., Suzuki, M. (1996) Content of flavonol glucosides and some properties of enzymes metabolizing the glucosides in onion. J. Jap. Soc. Food Sci. Technol., 43, 642-649.
12. ^ Slimestad R, Fossen T, VA?gen IM. (2007) Onions: a source of unique dietary flavonoids. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Dec 12;55(25):10067-80. Epub 2007 Nov 13. PMID 17997520
13. ^ Justesen, U., and Knuthsen, P. Composition of flavonoids in fresh herbs and calculation of flavonoid intake by use of herbs in traditional Danish dishes. Food Chem., 2001, 73, 245-250. PMID 1119216